Vitamin and mineral deficiencies can lead to a range of health issues, especially when they persist over time. Conditions like rickets, anemia, scurvy, and osteoporosis are linked to imbalances or shortages of key nutrients. For instance, some diseases affect bone development, others impair red blood cell production, and some cause symptoms like fatigue, weakness, or joint pain. These conditions often result from inadequate intake of nutrients such as vitamin D, iron, calcium, or vitamin C—each of which plays a distinct role in maintaining physical health. Deficiencies may arise due to poor diet, limited sun exposure, digestive disorders, or restrictive eating habits. Fortunately, many of these conditions are preventable and treatable through improved nutrition and medical care. Learning how vitamins and minerals support different body systems can help you recognize early warning signs and prioritize a balanced, nutrient-rich diet.