Scurvy is the disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), a nutrient essential for the synthesis of collagen — the structural protein that helps maintain skin, blood vessels, tendons, and bones. Without enough vitamin C, the body’s ability to heal wounds, maintain healthy gums, and build connective tissue deteriorates. Early symptoms of scurvy include fatigue, swollen gums, joint pain, and irritability. As it progresses, it can cause bleeding gums, tooth loss, easy bruising, and anemia. Scurvy was historically common among sailors who went long periods without fresh fruits and vegetables, which are primary sources of vitamin C. Today, it’s rare in developed countries but can still occur in people with extremely poor diets, severe alcoholism, eating disorders, or malabsorption issues. The good news is that scurvy is easily treated and prevented — just a moderate intake of vitamin C from foods like citrus fruits, strawberries, bell peppers, or supplements can completely reverse symptoms in a matter of weeks.